According to Mendel, there is a pair of factors for the regulation of every character in an organism. Concept of chromosomes and DNA has not been discovered during Mendel’s time. That a gene is a part of chromosome was later proven by T. Boveri and W.S. Sutton. Therefore, heredity from parental generation to offspring is brought by gamates.
Chromosomes and Mendelian factors (genes) exist as a pair. During the meiosis when a haploid(n) gamaed is established, they are separated from each other. Gamates fuses to form a zygote (2n) during fertilization. It is zygotes that bring characters that are transmitting from the parents to the offspring.
